Bentuk Sembang Santai (Small Talk) Dalam Masyarakat Arab: Satu Kajian Dalam Drama “أوراق الزمن المر”
The Form of Small Talk in Arab Society: A Study in Drama “أوراق الزمن المر”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/attarbawiy.v5i2.14Keywords:
Komunikasi, Budaya, Komunikasi Fatik, Sembang SantaiAbstract
This research focuses on the use of small talk in communication among the Arabs. The main objective of this study is to identify forms of small talk used by the Arabs. Small talk can be defined as dialogue or informal conversation that does not cover certain topics of conversation that need to be addressed. Small talk is a polite conversation that is considered unimportant. To date, forms of Arabic small talk in communication are yet to be understood clearly and scientifically as there is unsufficient research done in this field. Knowledge and exposure of small talk are expected to contribute towards the effectiveness of communication among the society within the same group and of different group. This is a descriptive study that uses the qualitative approach through content analysis method. The samples of this study are chosen through purposive sampling method. The research data are gathered from an Arabic drama entitled “أوراق الزمن المر” or in English, Bitter Time Sheet. The small talk data are analysed based on Phatic Communication Theory (Malinowski, 1923) by using ATLAS.ti software. A total of ninety-one (91) Arabic dialogue sets that contain small talk element are gathered from the Arabic drama. The result of this study showed that there are 16 forms of small talk among the Arabs namely message, compliment, honour, greeting, well-being query, grace, pleasantry, leave, salutation, offer, joke, interjection, apology, thankfulness, appreciation and query. The result also depicted that using small talk can make the communication process to be more harmonious, smoother and more effective. Hence, the social relationship and familiarity of both parties that communicate with each other can be built, strengthened and maintained.
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini memfokuskan tentang penggunaan sembang santai dalam komunikasi masyarakat Arab. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti bentuk penggunaan sembang santai yang terdapat dalam masyarakat Arab. Sembang santai dapat diertikan sebagai dialog atau perbualan yang tidak rasmi dan tidak meliputi sesuatu topik perbualan yang perlu ditangani. Ia adalah perbualan sopan tentang perkara-perkara yang dianggap tidak penting. Sehingga kini bentuk sembang santai bahasa Arab dalam komunikasi, masih belum dapat difahami dengan jelas secara ilmiah kerana masih kurang penyelidikan yang dijalankan dalam bidang ini. Pengetahuan dan pendedahan terhadap sembang santai dijangka dapat menyumbang kepada keberkesanan komunikasi antara masyarakat daripada kelompok yang sama dan juga kelompok yang berbeza. Kajian ini merupakan kajian berbentuk deskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kaedah analisis kandungan. Sampel kajian ini dipilih melalui kaedah pensampelan bertujuan. Pengkaji mengumpul data penyelidikan daripada sebuah drama Arab, “أوراق الزمن المر” iaitu Lembaran Masa yang Pahit. Data sembang santai dianalisis berlandaskan Teori Komunikasi Fatik Malinowski (1923) dengan menggunakan perisian ATLAS.ti. Sejumlah 91 ungkapan bahasa Arab yang mempunyai unsur sembang santai telah dapat dikumpulkan daripada drama ini. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa bentuk sembang santai yang terdapat dalam masyarakat Arab adalah pelbagai. Ia mempunyai 16 bentuk yang merangkumi bentuk pesanan, pujian, penghormatan, alu-aluan, pertanyaan khabar, doa, berbasa-basi, meminta diri, sapaan, pelawaan, gurauan, mencelah, permohonan maaf, rasa syukur, penghargaan dan pertanyaan. Dapatan kajian juga memperlihatkan bahawa, melalui penggunaan sembang santai, ia dapat menjadikan proses komunikasi semakin harmoni, lancar dan lebih berkesan. Dengan itu, hubungan sosial dan keakraban antara dua pihak yang berkomunikasi dapat dibina, dikukuhkan dan dikekalkan.
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